Free Cuba Now!


To promote a peaceful transition to a Cuba that respects human rights
and political and economic freedoms

 

Sixty years ago today Castro declared to artists and intellectuals 'Within the revolution, everything; outside of it, nothing,' and the dictatorship continues to jail free thinkers today.

Human rights activist and mother of three Thais Mailén Franco arrested on Obispo street on April 30, 2021, and jailed since then.

On June 30, 1961 Fidel Castro gave his speech to [Cuba's] intellectuals where he summed up the limits of artistic expression: 'Within the revolution, everything; outside of it, nothing,' he told intellectuals and artists. Nearly a decade later on April 27, 1971 the case of Heberto Padilla underscored the limits of artistic expression in Cuba.

Index on Censorship described the aftermath of Padilla's interrogation and self-criticism stating, "whatever the reason for his confession, it served as a harbinger of what was to follow: a period known as the Grey Five Years in which dozens of Cuban artists and writers were banished from public life." This was how intellectuals and artists would be dealt with who strayed out of the prescribed limits imposed by the Castro regime.

The war on artistic freedom is not unique to the Castro regime, or a mistake, but a feature of communist and fascist systems. Totalitarians have had a hostile relationship with the arts, and with artists seeking to control them. In the Soviet Union modern art was declared subversive by Josef Stalin, and socialist realism with an optimistic tone the politically correct style. Artists destroyed or hid their work that did not accord with the new aesthetic. In Nazi Germany, modern art was declared degenerate and a style that mirrored in appearance their Soviet counterparts, and repression was visited upon artists that did not adhere to the official style.

Sixty years after Castro's infamous speech and Cuban artists and intellectuals are persecuted and jailed for advocating for greater political and artistic freedom on the island.

Cuban artist Hamlet Lavastida being held by secret police in Villa Marista.

Cuban artist Hamlet Lavastida, "a member of Cuba’s 27N movement of artists, journalists, and activists who advocate for greater political and artistic freedom on the island, was arrested on 26 June after returning to the island from an artist’s residency in Germany, according to 27N members", reported The Art Newspaper on June 28, 2021. "PEN America and PEN International [on June 28, 2021] condemned the detention of Cuban visual artist and activist Hamlet Lavastida, calling his abrupt imprisonment following a residency abroad an unjust, disturbing representation of the alarming government culture of hostility toward dissenting artists in Cuba," declared the organizations that defend free expression in a joint statement.

On May 18, 2021 Cuban authorities arrested and detained rapper and activist Maykel Castillo. On June 18th, the one month mark of this arbitrary detention, "PEN America, along with CADAL, the Center for the Opening and Development of Latin America, condemned the Cuban authorities for their arbitrary detention of Castillo and called for his immediate release." Julie Trebault, director of the Artists at Risk Connection (ARC) at PEN America stated, “the fact that Castillo has been kept in prison for more than a month—and that his family, friends, and supporters have been kept in the dark as to his condition and the reasons for his arbitrary detention—is simply unacceptable.”  Today, June 30th marks 36 days disappeared and jailed for saying what he thinks.

37 years ago the 1984 documentary Improper Conduct outlined how Cuban artists that did not conform, or were deemed to be engaged in “extravagant behavior” were sent to work camps or forced into exile by the Castro regime. The repressive nature of the dictatorship has not changed.

Amnesty International is circulating a petition in Spanish for signatures calling on Havana to end its harassment of artists, and today at 7:00pm the San Isidro Movement is calling to Tweet out to free those arrested on Obispo Street with the hashtag #LiberenALosDeObispo with the following statement over Twitter on June 28, 2021 with the attached image.

"No one should be deprived of liberty for defending their rights and expressing themselves in the face of injustice. Let us demand this Wednesday # 30Jun that #LiberenALosDeObispo and all those who have been unjustly detained for defending the rights that the Cuban dictatorship constantly violates."

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Free Cuba Now!


To promote a peaceful transition to a Cuba that respects human rights
and political and economic freedoms

 

Sixty years ago today Castro declared to artists and intellectuals 'Within the revolution, everything; outside of it, nothing,' and the dictatorship continues to jail free thinkers today.

Human rights activist and mother of three Thais Mailén Franco arrested on Obispo street on April 30, 2021, and jailed since then.

On June 30, 1961 Fidel Castro gave his speech to [Cuba's] intellectuals where he summed up the limits of artistic expression: 'Within the revolution, everything; outside of it, nothing,' he told intellectuals and artists. Nearly a decade later on April 27, 1971 the case of Heberto Padilla underscored the limits of artistic expression in Cuba.

Index on Censorship described the aftermath of Padilla's interrogation and self-criticism stating, "whatever the reason for his confession, it served as a harbinger of what was to follow: a period known as the Grey Five Years in which dozens of Cuban artists and writers were banished from public life." This was how intellectuals and artists would be dealt with who strayed out of the prescribed limits imposed by the Castro regime.

The war on artistic freedom is not unique to the Castro regime, or a mistake, but a feature of communist and fascist systems. Totalitarians have had a hostile relationship with the arts, and with artists seeking to control them. In the Soviet Union modern art was declared subversive by Josef Stalin, and socialist realism with an optimistic tone the politically correct style. Artists destroyed or hid their work that did not accord with the new aesthetic. In Nazi Germany, modern art was declared degenerate and a style that mirrored in appearance their Soviet counterparts, and repression was visited upon artists that did not adhere to the official style.

Sixty years after Castro's infamous speech and Cuban artists and intellectuals are persecuted and jailed for advocating for greater political and artistic freedom on the island.

Cuban artist Hamlet Lavastida being held by secret police in Villa Marista.

Cuban artist Hamlet Lavastida, "a member of Cuba’s 27N movement of artists, journalists, and activists who advocate for greater political and artistic freedom on the island, was arrested on 26 June after returning to the island from an artist’s residency in Germany, according to 27N members", reported The Art Newspaper on June 28, 2021. "PEN America and PEN International [on June 28, 2021] condemned the detention of Cuban visual artist and activist Hamlet Lavastida, calling his abrupt imprisonment following a residency abroad an unjust, disturbing representation of the alarming government culture of hostility toward dissenting artists in Cuba," declared the organizations that defend free expression in a joint statement.

On May 18, 2021 Cuban authorities arrested and detained rapper and activist Maykel Castillo. On June 18th, the one month mark of this arbitrary detention, "PEN America, along with CADAL, the Center for the Opening and Development of Latin America, condemned the Cuban authorities for their arbitrary detention of Castillo and called for his immediate release." Julie Trebault, director of the Artists at Risk Connection (ARC) at PEN America stated, “the fact that Castillo has been kept in prison for more than a month—and that his family, friends, and supporters have been kept in the dark as to his condition and the reasons for his arbitrary detention—is simply unacceptable.”  Today, June 30th marks 36 days disappeared and jailed for saying what he thinks.

37 years ago the 1984 documentary Improper Conduct outlined how Cuban artists that did not conform, or were deemed to be engaged in “extravagant behavior” were sent to work camps or forced into exile by the Castro regime. The repressive nature of the dictatorship has not changed.

Amnesty International is circulating a petition in Spanish for signatures calling on Havana to end its harassment of artists, and today at 7:00pm the San Isidro Movement is calling to Tweet out to free those arrested on Obispo Street with the hashtag #LiberenALosDeObispo with the following statement over Twitter on June 28, 2021 with the attached image.

"No one should be deprived of liberty for defending their rights and expressing themselves in the face of injustice. Let us demand this Wednesday # 30Jun that #LiberenALosDeObispo and all those who have been unjustly detained for defending the rights that the Cuban dictatorship constantly violates."

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

The Insidious Paul Samuelson Effect


the AZEL

PERSPECTIVE

Commentary on Cuba's Future, U.S. Foreign Policy & Individual Freedoms - Issue 56A
 
This Azel Perspective was first published in 2017.

The Insidious Paul Samuelson Effect

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If you took a college introductory economics course in the past fifty years, chances are your textbook was one of the 19 editions of Economics by Paul Samuelson. Since its first edition in 1948, Samuelson’s Economics has sold over four million copies and has been translated into 41 languages.
Paul Samuelson was the most influential academic economist of the second half of the 20th century and his textbook introduced generations of students to the ideas of British economist John Maynard Keynes. Keynes developed the idea that government intervention in economic matters is necessary to serve the public welfare.

Samuelson’s Economics dominated college economic classrooms for two generations. His influence on our thinking regarding the role of government in economic affairs can not be underestimated, as he noted: “I don’t care who writes a nation’s laws…if I can write its economic textbooks.” So what did Professor Samuelson teach us? And what should we unlearn.

Samuelson was a believer in central economic planning. To be accurate, Dr. Samuelson’s views evolved over the years, an evolution that can be traced in the various editions of his textbook. But as late as the 1989, 13th edition (with coauthor William Nordhaus) he asserted: “The Soviet economy is proof that, contrary to what many skeptics had earlier believed, a socialist command economy can function and even thrive.” Two years later, the Soviet economy collapsed. Conceptually blind, the brilliant Dr. Samuelson never saw it coming.
Samuelson also espoused anti-saving views incorrectly believing that higher saving rates may cause money to ‘leak’ out of the system and shrink the economy.

This anti-saving bias view extended to his support for progressive taxation: “To the extent that dollars are taken from frugal wealthy people rather than from poor ready spenders, progressive taxes tend to keep purchasing power and jobs at a high level…”He aberrantly suggested that progressive taxation may actually incentivize people to work harder in order to get rich.

In editions well into the 1970s, Samuelson held that deficit spending was not a significant problem. He offered a “we owe it to ourselves” argument claiming that the interest on an internal debt is paid by Americans to Americans with no direct loss of goods or services.

 As a believer in an activist government, Samuelson taught that a large government can provide ‘built in’ stabilizers to the economy with policies such as unemployment and welfare compensation, farm aid, and the like. His discussions of the role of government emphasized market failures with little reference to government failures. His enamorment with an activist government led him to claim that harmful government policies are probably rare.

New schools of economic thought and empirical evidence have shown that much of what Dr. Samuelson taught us in Economics was flawed  or plain wrong. Our understanding of savings, central planning, government intervention, deficit spending, progressive taxation, market failures, welfare policies, and much more has evolved or changed radically.

To his credit, Dr. Samuelson was willing to update his textbook in keeping up with intellectual progress, and our understanding of economic affairs. In latter editions, he even suggested that he no longer agreed with some of his earlier analyses. In his words: “What was great in Edition 1 is old hat by Edition 3; and maybe has ceased to be true by Edition 14.”

Unfortunately, most of us, and particularly our political class, who learned about economics with Samuelson’s textbooks, have not kept up with the advances in that dismal science. Consequently,most public policy today is formulated according to the unsound economic principles that we learned from Samuelson in our college years.

The same is true of editorial and op-ed writers that argue, without intellectual discomfort, along the Keynesian motif espoused by the Samuelson textbook. They are unable to shed the false certainty of their youthful learning.

This is the insidious Paul Samuelson effect; questionable public policy, based on disputed economic principles, but defended with conviction by two generations unwilling to unlearn the canards in their college introductory economics course.

Please let us know if you Like Issue 56A - The Insidious Paul Samuelson Effect on Facebook this article.
This article was originally published in English in the PanAm Post and in Spanish in El Nuevo Herald.
 
José Azel, Ph.D.
José Azel left Cuba in 1961 as a 13 year-old political exile in what has been dubbed Operation Pedro Pan - the largest unaccompanied child refugee movement in the history of the Western Hemisphere.  

He is currently dedicated to the in-depth analyses of Cuba's economic, social and political state, with a keen interest in post-Castro-Cuba strategies. Dr. Azel was a Senior Scholar at the Institute for Cuban and Cuban-American Studies (ICCAS) at the University of Miami and has published extensively on Cuba related topics.

In 2012 and 2015, Dr. Azel testified in the U.S. Congress on U.S.-Cuba Policy, and U.S. National Security.  He is a frequent speaker and commentator on these and related topics on local, national and international media.  He holds undergraduate and masters degrees in business administration and a Ph.D. in International Affairs from the University of Miami. 

Dr. Azel is author of Mañana in Cuba: The Legacy of Castroism and Transitional Challenges for Cuba, published in March 2010 and of Pedazos y Vacios, a collection of poems he wrote as a young exile in the 1960's.

José along with his wife Lily are avid skiers and adventure travelers.  In recent years they have climbed Grand Teton in Wyoming, trekked Mt. Kilimanjaro in Tanzania and Machu Pichu in Peru.  They have also hiked in Tibet and in the Himalayas to Mt. Everest Base Camp.

They cycled St. James Way (
El Camino de Santiago de Compostela) and cycled alongside the Danube from Germany to Hungary. They have scuba dived in the Bay Islands off the Honduran coast. 

Their adventurers are normally dedicated to raise funds for causes that are dear to them. 
Watch Joe & Lily summit Kilimanjaro.

Books by Dr. José Azel
Mañana in Cuba is a comprehensive analysis of contemporary Cuba with an incisive perspective of the Cuban frame of mind and its relevancy for Cuba's future.
Buy now

 
Pedazos y Vacíos is a collection of poems written in by Dr. Azel in his youth. Poems are in Spanish.
Buy now
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