Cuban History

04/30/2020   A publication of the Cuban Studies Institute

“Cuban Institutions and Groups” is a new series of weekly publications highlighting the principal political, economic, social and cultural organizations that developed during Cuba’s colonial and national period.   CUBAN INSTITUTIONS AND GROUPS   AGRUPACIÓN INDEPENDIENTE DE COLOR   Organized in the early 1900s by a group of radical Blacks unhappy with their lack of political opportunities, the “Independent Color Association” developed into a political party during the second United States intervention.  Despite its appeal to the racial consciousness of the Blacks, the party did poorly in the 1908 elections, a fiasco that increased its leaders’ frustrations.  When the Morúa law forbade parties organized along racial lines, the Agrupación staged an uprising, the so-called “Race War” of 1912, led by Evaristo Estenóz.  This was crushed and the Agrupación collapsed soon afterwards.

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